GeForce RTX 4090 bottleneck & FPS

Ranked 2 of 126 desktop graphics cards in our database (98th percentile). Paired with a Ryzen 9 9950X3D2 Dual Edition it lands near 227 fps at 1080p and 66 fps at 4K in a typical AAA title at high settings.

SpecificationsAda Lovelace · 2022
ArchitectureAda Lovelace
Shading units16,384
Boost clock2,520 MHz
Memory24 GB
Memory bandwidth1008 GB/s
Board power450 W
Released2022
Frame rate by resolutionwith Ryzen 9 9950X3D2 Dual Edition, high
ResolutionEst. FPSGPU loadLimited by
1920 x 1080 227 94% Balanced
2560 x 1440 140 99% Graphics card
3440 x 1440 106 99% Graphics card
3840 x 2160 66 99% Graphics card
Best matched processors1080p, high

Ranked by how little performance the pairing wastes, not by which processor is fastest. The fastest chip pairs well with everything, which makes it a useless recommendation.

ProcessorEst. FPSUnused
Ryzen 9 9950X3D2 Dual Edition 227 4.3%
Ryzen 7 9850X3D 211 10.9%
Ryzen 9 9950X 206 13.3%
Ryzen 9 9900X 202 14.8%
Ryzen 9 9950X3D 196 17.3%
Ryzen 7 9800X3D 196 17.3%
Estimated FPS by game1440p, high, Ryzen 9 9950X3D2 Dual Edition
GameEst. FPSVRAM
Cyberpunk 2077 96 OK
Fortnite 194 OK
Counter-Strike 2 328 OK
Baldur's Gate 3 140 OK
Red Dead Redemption 2 107 OK
Microsoft Flight Simulator 2024 116 OK

Who a GeForce RTX 4090 is actually for

This is flagship silicon, and flagship silicon has an awkward property: at 1080p it spends most of its time waiting. There is simply not enough pixel work at that resolution to keep 16,384 shading units busy, so the processor becomes the limit and a large part of what you paid for sits idle.

It earns its price at 4K, at high refresh rates, or with ray tracing turned up — workloads heavy enough to actually saturate it. If you play at 1080p on a 60 Hz panel, a card several tiers down will give you the same experience.

A narrow memory bus

Relative to its shader count, this card has less memory bandwidth than a balanced design would carry. Our model docks it roughly 9% for it. In practice that penalty grows with resolution: the card holds up at 1080p, where its cache absorbs most requests, and falls off faster than its specification suggests at 1440p and above.

Why it is not as fast as its shader count implies

With 16,384 shading units this is one of the widest dies in the range, and very wide dies do not scale linearly. The command processor and geometry front end run out of work to dispatch before the shader array runs out of capacity, so the last portion of that array contributes less than the first. Our model applies about a 15% correction for it — the same reason a card with 68% more shaders than its sibling is not 68% faster.

Is 24 GB enough?

At 1440p and high settings, 24 GB clears every title we model with room to spare. Memory is not the constraint on this card, and it is unlikely to become one within its useful life.

Where it sits

Ranked 2 of 126 desktop cards we model. Nearest faster: GeForce RTX 5090. Just below: GeForce RTX 5080, GeForce RTX 4080 Super. Full method on the methodology page.